Magnoliaceae Dataset
 

 

References for Genera in Magnoliaceae Dataset


Elmerrillia Kmeria Liriodendron Magnolia Manglietia Michelia Pachylarnax

Elmerrillia

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Elmerrillia, pp. 100-108. Revision (4 species, one with additional varieties); key.

Kmeria

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Kmeria, pp. 98-99. Brief note (K. duperreana the sole species known south of China).

Liriodendron

Bean, W. J. (1919). The two tulip trees. Gard. Chron., III, 65: 128. En. -- Oriented towards arboriculture.

Shaparenko, K. K. (1937). Tyul'pannoe derevo [On tulip-trees]. Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, I, 4: 93-170, illus., maps, 2 pls. Ru. -- Monograph of Recent and fossil species; includes history of research and a formal treatment of genus (pp. 98-102, with descriptions of the 2 modern species and exsiccatae but no key), followed by chapters on development, historical geography and phylogeny (fossil forms listed, pp. 145-149); references and English summary at end.

Santamour, F. S., Jr. & F. G. Meyer (1971). The two tuliptrees. Amer. Hort. Mag. 1971(Spring): 87-89, illus. En. -- Report of trials, particularly with Liriodendron chinense; includes a diagnostic photograph of leaves, flowers and samaras of the two species.

Spongberg, S. A. (1976). Magnoliaceae hardy in temperate North America. J. Arnold Arbor. 57: 250-312. En. -- Liriodendron, pp. 308-312. Treatment of the 2 species (1 native), with key and references.

Schoenike, R. E. (1980). Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.): an annotated bibliography to and including 1974. xix, unnumbered pp.; pp. A1-A76, S1-S38. Clemson, S.C. En. -- 5891 annotated references.

Grey-Wilson, C. (1982). Liriodendron chinense. Bot. Mag. 184(1): pl. 843. En. -- Plant portrait; includes description and synonymy. [The tree is smaller than the better-known L. tulipifera; in addition, its native range is relatively limited.]

Parks, C. R., N. G. Miller, J. F. Wendel & K. M. McDougal (1983). Genetic divergence within the genus Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard., 70: 658-666. En. -- Includes data on interspecific hybrids; a high compatibility remains despite long mutual isolation.

Parks, C. R. & J. F. Wendel (1990). Molecular divergence between Asian and North American species of Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) and implications for interpretation of fossil floras. Amer. J. Bot., 77: 1243-1256. En. -- Molecular markers from allozymes and plastid genomes analysed; from measures of genetic distance estimates of 10-16 and 11-14 million years B.P. were obtained, comparable to time estimates from the geological record for the effective sundering of the warm-temperate mixed forests of Asia and North America (no later than 13 million years B.P.). A relatively high degree of interspecific compatibility was shown to have been maintained since the Miocene and thus is not necessarily evidence of Pleistocene or Holocene divergence.

Magnolia

Engler, A., F. Pax & P. Graebner (1902). Die Verbreitung wichtiger Baumgattungen kartographischer dargestellt, zum Gebrauch in Botanischen Gärten und Museum sowie bei Vorlesungen. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus. Berlin 3: 181-182, maps. Ge. -- Comprises a distribution map (now very out of date).

Dandy, J. E. (1927). Key to the species of Magnolia. J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 52: 260-264. En. -- Key to 44 species (Magnolia sensu stricto), revised from that in Magnolias (1927) by J.G. Millais. Does not include the former Talauma or Aromadendron.

Cheng, W. C. (1934). The genus Magnolia in China. J. Bot. Soc. China 1: 280-305. Ch. -- Regional revision; not cited by Johnstone (1955). Succeeded by Chen & Nooteboom (1993).

Howard, R. A. (1948). The morphology and systematics of the West Indian Magnoliaceae. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 75: 335-357. En. -- Includes a regional revision of Magnolia sens. lat. (11 native and 1 cultivated species) with keys, synonymy, descriptions, indication of distribution, exsiccatae, vernacular names and commentary. [The 8 species then assigned to sect. Theorhodon now form sect. Splendentes (Vásquez-G. 1994).]

Dandy, J. E. (1950). A survey of the genus Magnolia together with Manglietia and Michelia. In Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain), Camellias and Magnolias: 64-81. London. En. -- Discursive synoptic survey of the genus and its sections, species being listed in passing in the text; foldout key to subgenera and sections. There are also brief accounts of Manglietia and Michelia. [Partly succeeded by the author's 1978 survey (see below).]

Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain) (1950). Camellias and magnolias: report of the conference held by the Royal Horticultural Society, April 4-5, 1950 (ed. P. M. Synge). 134 pp., illus. London. En. -- Comprises papers on a variety of topics, including a survey of the genus by Dandy (separately cited) and a key to East Asian species by G. H. Johnstone (pp. 44-52).

Johnstone, G. H. (1955). Asiatic magnolias in cultivation. 155 pp., illus. 14 col. pl., col. frontispiece, folding map. London: Royal Horticultural Society. En. -- Includes a sectional synopsis with key (pp. 36-38) and detailed treatments of 18 species with 6 additional infraspecific taxa; index, pp. 153-154. Based in the first instance on the collection of the author in Cornwall (England). See also the author's key to E Asian species in Royal Horticultural Society, 1950. Camellias and magnolias (cited above).

Felger, R. S. (1971). The distribution of Magnolia in northwestern Mexico. J. Arizona Acad. Sci. 6: 251-253. En. -- Of particular interest given the modern absence of the genus in western North America north of the Mexican border. M. pacifica occurs from southern Sonora southwards.

Spongberg, S. A. (1976). Magnoliaceae hardy in temperate North America. J. Arnold Arbor. 57: 250-312. En. -- Magnolia, pp. 254-306. Treatment of 26 species and hybrids (including all those native), with key and references.

Dandy, J. E. (1978). A revised survey of the genus Magnolia together with Manglietia and Michelia. In N. G. Treseder, Magnolias: 29-37. London. En. -- Discursive synoptic survey of the genus and its sections, similar to that of 1950; no key. Brief accounts are given for Manglietia and Michelia.With Nooteboom's revisions (1985; see below), this classification remains standard for the genus.

Keng, H. (1978). The delimitation of the genus Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). Gard. Bull. Singapore 31(2): 127-131. En. -- A proposal to unite Talauma with Magnolia is here put forward (see also Nooteboom 1985), along with Aromadendron and Manglietia.

Treseder, N. G. (1978). Magnolias. xviii, 243, [3] pp., illus. (part col.), maps. London: Faber and Faber. En. -- At present the primary modern reference for enthusiasts; includes J. E. Dandy's last survey of the genus (together with some comments on Manglietia and Michelia; see below) as well as a detailed treatment of the 'temperate' species (in 2 subgenera with 9 sections) with descriptions, synonymy, illustration references, distributions, and extensive commentaries. [A successor to J. G. Millais, 1927. Magnolias. London.]

Hernández-Cerda, M. E. (1980). Magnoliaceae. Fl. Veracruz 14: 1-14, illus., maps. Sp. -- Treatment of 4 species (3 native) in 2 genera (both now in Magnolia).

Treseder, N. G. (1981). The book of magnolias. 96 p., text-fig., 33 col. pl. London: Collins. En. -- Coloured paintings of selected species, varieties and hybrids with descriptive facing text, followed by appendices on early records, magnolia hunters (E. H. Wilson and G. Forrest), flowers and fruits, and growing and propagation tips; glossary at end but no list of references.

Lozano-Contreras, G. (1983). Magnoliaceae. Fl. Colombia 1: 1-119, illus., maps. Sp. -- Treatment of 2 native genera (Dugandiodendron and Talauma, both now in Magnolia) with 24 species, as well as 2 introduced species of Magnolia sensu str.

Lozano-Contreras, G. (1984). Consideraciones sobre el genero Dugandiodendron (Magnoliaceae). Taxon 33(4): 691-696. Sp. -- A defence of Dugandiodendron.

Nooteboom, H. P. (1984). Dugandiodendron (Magnoliaceae) erroneously described. Taxon 33(4): 696-698. En. -- Dugandiodendron shown to have been based on imperfectly described differential characters.

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Magnolia, pp. 83-91. A supraspecific revision (16 sections in 3 subgenera), with key modified from that of Dandy (in Treseder 1978); also includes a synopsis of sect. Gynopodium (one of those of Dandy). The former Talauma has here been ranked as the third subgenus (reviving an 1881 proposal of Louis Pierre); this incorporates Aromadendron and Manglietiastrum.

Schnetter, M. L. & G. Lozano-Contreras (1985). Contribución al conocimiento de la estructura foliar de las especies de Magnoliaceas colombianas. Caldasia 14(67): 193-206. Sp. -- A systematic treatment of the leaf micromorphology of 21 species of Magnolia (9 and 12 respectively in the former Dugandiodendron and Talauma), based on Lozano-Contreras (1983; see above).

Ueda, K. (1985). A nomenclatural revision of the Japanese Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae), together with two long-cultivated Chinese species. I. M. hypoleuca; II. M. tomentosa and M. praecocissima. Taxon 35: 340-344, 344-347. En. -- Proposals for name changes; in the second paper M. praecocissima Koidz. is taken up for the well-known but non-'typical' element of M. kobus DC. [See Nooteboom (1994) for a counter-proposal.]

Ueda, K. (1985). A nomenclatural revision of the Japanese Magnolia species (Magnoliaceae), together with two long-cultivated Chinese species. III, M. heptapeta and M. quinquepeta. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36: 149-161. En. -- Incorporates a full enumeration, with synonymy and suprageneric disposition, of Japanese (including two from China, long-cultivated) magnolias. Incorporates the results of the author's two other papers, though published ahead of them.

Meyer, F. G. & E. McClintock (1987). Rejection of the names Magnolia heptapeta and M. quinquepeta (Magnoliaceae). Taxon 36(3): 590-600, illus. En. -- The revival by recent workers of these two names of Pierre Buc'hoz, first published in Lassonia and transferred to Magnolia by Dandy in 1934, has led to considerable controversy. The authors argue that, while the Chinese names on Buc'hoz's figures are correctly applicable, the figures themselves do not adequately characterise the plants concerned. The names should accordingly be rejected as incertae sedis and the next available alternatives, respectively MM. denudata and liliiflora, adopted.

Nooteboom, H. P. (1987). Notes on Magnoliaceae, II. Revision of Magnolia sections Maingola (Malesian species), Aromadendron and Blumiana. Blumea 32(2): 343-382. En. -- Comprises a species-level revision of Magnolia (now including Aromadendron and Talauma, with the Malesian species in the last-named corresponding to sect. Blumiana). Precursory to a family treatment in Flora Malesiana (see ==Malesia++).

Seitner, P. G. (1989). A nomenclature reference for the genus Magnolia with emphasis on species and hybrids of more temperate climates. Unpaged, loose-leaf. Chicago, Ill.: The author. En. -- A nomenclator, with for accepted species indication of distribution and, for hybrids, parents. Wastefully produced, of dubious value and moreover partly out of date (given the work of Nootemoom and others). The sectional synopsis presented is still that of Dandy (in Treseder 1978), and nowhere is there critical commentary, save on hybrids and hybridization trials.

Baranova, M. A. (1990). K voprosu o samostojatel'nosti roda Dugandiodendron (Magnoliaceae)/On the problem of the genus Dugandiodendron (Magnoliaceae) validity. Bot. Zhurn. SSSR, 75: 816-819. Ru. -- Stomatographical evidence from three selected species of Dugandiodendron supports their inclusion in Magnolia or Talauma, in general agreement with Nooteboom (1985).

Callaway, D. J. (1993). Magnolias. 260 pp., illus., col. pl. London: Batsford; Portland, Ore.: Timber Press. En. -- A work with a North American flavour (in comparison with Treseder 1978); includes a synopsis (pp. 63-67; recent generic revisions have not been accepted, Dandy 1927 still being a basis), key to cultivated species, species descriptions (pp. 73-174), references, and chapters on breeding, hybridizers and known hybrids; three appendices and an index at end. Each chapter also has general references.

Figlar, R. B. (1993). Stone magnolias. Arnoldia 53(2): 2-9. En. -- Popular account of fossil magnolias from North America. Includes (p. 8) a series of 3 maps showing the reduction in area of sect. Theorhodon (to which M. grandiflora belongs) between 25 MYBP and the present. See also S. J. Gould, 1992. Magnolias from Moscow. Nat. Hist. 9: 10-18. [Idaho fossils remarkable for their 'ancient DNA'.]

Lozano-Contreras, G. (1994). Dugandiodendron y Talauma (Magnoliaceae) en el Neotrópico. 147 pp., illus., maps. illus., maps. Bogotá: Academic de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. (Colección Jorge Alvárez Lleras, 3.) Sp. -- Introduction; survey of morphology, habitats, biogeography, putative phylogeny, uses, and history of taxonomic work; well-illustrated taxonomic treatment (pp. 25-125) covering 14 Dugandiodendron and 31 Talauma species with keys, synonymy, descriptions, distribution, citation of exsiccatae, and commentary; bibliography, index and lists of taxa, exsiccatae and uses at end.

Nee, M. (1994). A new species of Talauma (Magnoliaceae) from Bolivia. Brittonia 46(4): 265-269, illus. En. -- Description of T. boliviana; extensive commentary (the distinction of Talauma and Dugandiodendron is supported, 'mainly in the manner of concrescence of the carpels and their eventual dehiscence').

Nooteboom, H. P. (1994). Proposals to reject Magnolia tomentosa (Thymelaeaceae) and conserve Magnolia kobus (Magnoliaceae) with a conserved type. Taxon 43(3): 467-468. En. -- A reply to Ueda (1985a); retypification of M. kobus DC. advocated, using an element other than a reference to M. tomentosa Thunb. (now generally known as Edgeworthia tomentosa (Thunb.) Nakai or E. papyrifera Sieb. & Zucc.).

Vázquez-Garcia, J. A. (1994). Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Mexico and Central America: a synopsis. Brittonia 46(1): 1-23, illus., map. En. -- Introduction (Talauma excluded; 4 American sections in Magnolia s.s. of which 3 accounted for here with one new); synopsis of 12 species (11 in sect. Theorhodon) and additional infraspecific taxa with keys, typification, descriptions of novelties (with citations of exsiccatae), synonymy, indication of distribution, and commentary; lists of species and exsiccatae seen at end. [Based on idem, 1990. Taxonomy of the genus Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Mexico and Central America. Madison, Wis. (Unpubl. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison). The best available modern treatment of sect. Theorhodon.]

Yu, Z. (1994). Sinomanglietia, a new genus of Magnoliaceae from China. Acta Agric. Univ. Jiangxiensis 16(2): 202-204. Ch. -- Protologue and description of S. glauca, also new.

Pardascher, G. (1995). Magnolien. Stuttgart: Ulmer. Ge. -- A handbook for enthusiasts.

Qiu, Y.-L., C. R. Parks & M. W. Chase (1995). Molecular divergence in the eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct section Rytidospermum of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 82: 1589-1598, illus. En. -- Evidence from allozyme electrophoresis, cpDNA restriction site analysis and rbcL gene sequencing used in assessment of likely relationships among, and times of divergence of, selected species or lines thereof. The Asian MM. hypoleuca and officinalis var. biloba [= M. officinalis] were found to be rather more closely related to the American M. tripetala than to the two other species studied from that continent, M. fraseri var. fraseri and M. macrophylla var. macrophylla. The molecular data as well as geological and palaeoclimatic evidence suggested that separation of the Asian and American lines took place anywhere from the late Miocene to the early Pliocene. One Wagner tree is presented but there is no formal systematic treatment.

Qiu, Y.-L., M. W. Chase & C. R. Parks (1995). A chloroplast DNA phylogenetic study of the eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct section Rytidospermum of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). Amer. J. Bot., 82: 1582-1588, illus. En. -- Chloroplast DNA sequences were sampled in all 6 species (and 4 additional infraspecific taxa) usually credited to the section (one customarily based largely on a 'whorled' leaf arrangement). Phylogenetic analysis of molecular and other evidence suggested that the section was polyphyletic, with the three Asian species closely related to only one of those in North America; moreover the group was embedded within a range of species representing the whole of Magnolioideae. The worth of characters used in the past was questioned. A Wagner tree is essayed but no formal systematic treatment presented. [See also Qiu et al., 1995. Worthy also of note is that those species shown in this paper to be closely related also mutually freely hybridise.]

Manglietia

Tiep, N. V. (1980). Beiträge aur Sippenstruktur der Gattung Manglietia Bl. (Magnoliaceae). Feddes Rep. 91 (9-10): 497-576. Ge. -- Partial revision, covering 22 species in 2 sections (key. pp. 564-565). Much attention paid to comparative vegetative anatomy, particularly of the leaf.

Tiep, N. V., W. Vent & G. Natho (1980). Über die Gattung Manglietia Bl. (Magnoliaceae). Wiss. Zeitschr. Humboldt-Univ. Berlin, Math.-Naturw. Reih. 29(3): 323-328, illus., map. Ge. -- Introduction to a revision of the genus; fuller treatment in Tiep (1980).

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Manglietia, pp. 91-97. Includes a treatment of Malesian species (5, 2 of them new), with key.

Michelia

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Michelia, pp. 108-121; regional revision (8 species), with key. A very full synonymy for M. champaca, long cultivated, is included.

Pachylarnax

Nooteboom, H. P. (1985). Notes on Magnoliaceae. Blumea 31(1): 65-121. En. -- Pachylarnax, pp. 97-98; revision (2 species), without key. P. praecalva is further treated in Flora Malesiana (Nooteboom 1988; see ==Malesia++).